Cara, muitos desses "contra" estão explicados pela FAQ do link que eu dei.
Por exemplo, os países onde maconha foi liberada, houve diminuição do consumo, não aumento. houve, isso sim, um aumento inicial, mas depois caiu para valores mais baixos que os pré-legalização.
Também não creio que se passará mensagem alguma que está "tudo bem" em consumir drogas. Não creio que ninguém em são juízo ache que está tudo bem em consumir álcool ou tabaco, para me valer da comparação tradicional. Agora, havendo consumo responsável, sem danos para terceiros, então socialmente está "tudo bem". Pro consumista é que não está, mas creio que poucos usuários de drogas achem que está. Sejamos realistas: está tudo muito melhor se consumir maconha do que se beber ou fumar tabaco. Mas não "tudo bem".
A aceitação moral passa pelo mesmo crivo. Ela é ilusional, pois sempre haverá, ou deveria haver, sérios estudos e campanhas sobre o que é que as pessoas estão fazendo ao consumir tal ou tal droga. A única aceitação moral em questão é de respeito pela liberdade individual em consumir uma droga leve que não causa danos significativos nem é adictiva. Também é errônea a afirmação que maconha leva ao uso de drogas mais pesadas.
Reação do tráfico é uma hipótese, mas não passa disso. Os danos atuais do tráfico é uma realidade. Se acha que o mercado negro pode competir com a distribuição ordenada, e legal!, da maconha ou que seus clientes vão preferir maconha do mercado negro ao invés de maconha que passou por testes de qualidade, tenho minhas dúvidas. Na verdade não creio que consiga.
As consequências patológicas do uso da maconha são duvidosas. pelo que li, muitos desses estudos ou foram mal feitos ou não tiveram continuação. Outros são pura mentira. No caso de problemas mentais, levaria muito tempo pôr aqui a outra Faq traduzida, então vou colar o original:
"3b) If it doesn't kill brain cells, how does it get you `high'?
Killing brain cells is not a pre-requisite for getting
`high.' Marijuana contains a chemical which substitutes for
a natural brain chemical, with a few differences. This
chemical touches special `buttons' on brain cells called
`receptors.' Essentially, marijuana `tickles' brain cells.
The legal drug alcohol also tickles brain cells, but it will
damage and kill them by producing toxins (poisons) and
sometimes mini-seizures. Also, some drugs will wear out the
buttons which they push, but marijuana does not.
4) Don't people die from smoking pot?
Nobody has ever overdosed. For any given substance,
there are bound to be some people who have allergic
reactions. With marijuana this is extremely rare, but it
could happen with anything from apples to pop-tarts. Not
one death has ever been directly linked to marijuana itself.
In contrast, many legal drugs cause hundreds to hundreds of
thousands of deaths per year, foremost among them are
alcohol, nicotine, valium, aspirin, and caffiene. The
biggest danger with marijuana is that it is illegal, and
someone may mix it with another drug like PCP.
Marijuana is so safe that it would be almost impossible to
overdose on it. Doctors determine how safe a drug is by
measuring how much it takes to kill a person (they call this
the LD50) and comparing it to the amount of the drug which
is usually taken (ED50). This makes marijuana hundreds of
times safer than alcohol, tobacco, or caffiene. According
to a DEA Judge ``marijuana is the safest therapeutically
active substance known to mankind.''
5) I forgot, does marijuana cause short-term memory impairment?
The effect of marijuana on memory is its most dramatic
and the easiest to notice. Many inexperienced marijuana
users find that they have very strange, sudden and
unexpected memory lapses. These usually take the form of
completely forgetting what you were talking about when you
were right in the middle of saying something important.
However, these symptoms only occur while a person is `high'.
They do not carry over or become permanent, and examinations
of extremely heavy users has not shown any memory or
thinking problems. More experienced marijuana users seem to
be able to remember about as well as they do when they are
not `high.'
Studies which have claimed to show short-term memory
impairment have not stood up to scrutiny and have not been
duplicated. Newer studies show that marijuana does not
impair simple, real-world memory processes. Marijuana does
slow reaction time slightly, and this effect has sometimes
been misconstrued as a memory problem. To put things in
perspective, one group of researchers made a control group
hold their breath, like marijuana smokers do. Marijuana
itself only produced about twice as many effects on test
scores as breath holding. Many people use marijuana to
study. Other people cannot, for some reason, use marijuana
and do anything that involves deep thought. Nobody knows
what makes the difference.
6a) Is marijuana going to make my boyfriend go psycho?
Marijuana does not `cause' psychosis. Psychotic people
can smoke marijuana and have an episode, but there is
nothing in marijuana that actually initiates or increases
these episodes. Of course, if any mentally ill person is
given marijuana for the first time or without their
knowledge, they might get scared and `freak.' Persons who
suffer from severe psychological disorders often use
marijuana as a way of coping. Because of this, some
researchers have assumed that marijuana is the cause of
these problems, when it is actually a symptom. If you have
heard that marijuana makes people go crazy, this is probably
why.
6b) Don't users of marijuana withdraw from society?
To some extent, yes. That's probably just because they
are afraid of being arrested, though. The same situation
exists with socially maladjusted persons as does with the
mentally ill. Emotionally troubled individuals find
marijuana to be soothing, and so they tend to use it more
than your average person. Treatment specialists see this,
and assume that the marijuana is causing the problem. This
is a mistake which hurts the patient, because their doctors
will pay less attention to their actual needs, and
concentrate on ending their drug habit. Sometimes the
cannabis is even helping them to recover. Cannabis can be
abused, and it can make these situations worse, but
psychologists should approach marijuana use with an open
mind or they risk hurting their patient.
Marijuana itself does not make normal people anti-social.
In fact, a large psychological study of teenagers found that
casual marijuana users are more well adjusted than `drug
free' people. This would be very amusing, but it is a
serious problem. There are children who have emotional
problems which keep them from participating in healthy,
explorative behavior. They need psychological help but
instead they are skipped over. Marijuana users who do not
need help are having treatment forced on them, and in the
mean-time marijuana takes the blame for the personality
characteristics and problems of the people who like to use
it improperly.
7) Is it true that marijuana makes you lazy and unmotivated?
Not if you are a responsible adult, it doesn't. Ask the
U.S. Army. They did a study and showed no effect. If this
were true, why would many Eastern cultures, and Jamaicans,
use marijuana to help them work harder? `Amotivational
syndrome' started as a media myth based on the racial
stereotype of a lazy Mexican borracho. The prohibitionists
claimed that marijuana made people worthless and sluggish.
Since then, however, it has been scientifically researched,
and a symptom resembling amotivational syndrome has actually
been found. However, it only occurs in adolescent teenagers
-- adults are not affected.
When a person reaches adolescence, their willingness to work
usually increases, but this does not happen for teenagers
using marijuana regularly -- even just on the weekends. The
actual studies involved monkeys, not humans, and the results
are not verified, but older studies which tried to show
`amotivational syndrome' usually only suceeded when they
studied adolescents. Adults are not effected.
The symptoms are not permanent, and motivation returns to
normal levels several months after marijuana smoking stops.
However, a small number of people may be unusually sensitive
to this effect. One of the monkeys in the experiment was
severely amotivated and did not recover. Doctors will need
to study this more before they know why."
Também creio que a maconha, não sendo viciante, leve menos ao surgimento de problemas como gente praticando violência para poder compra-la. Mas, sendo facilitado o acesso, sua aquisição seria menos dramática. Se tem gente que gasta o salário na cachaça, então precisamos de um programa educacional e terapia, não de supressão de liberdades individuais.
Não entendi a última. Pode haver ou não um limite de fornecimento. na holanda, creio que não há, mas na Bélgica a pessoa só pode andar com no máximo 5g de maconha. Mais que isso é muamba e muamba é crime.
Enquete